Expansion Joints Issues and Concepts PowerPoint Presentation

Expansion Joints Issues and Concepts - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleSome structures would not support ground movements such as earthquakes leading to destruction of buildings and bridge circuits. This led to the idea of enlargement formulates that would later solve the problem (Rosignoli, 2002). Functions of expansion marijuana cig arettes The primary(prenominal) function of expansion joints is to safely absorb the high temperatures of various construction materials as a resolvent of the constant expansion and contraction. As explained earlier the contraction and expansion is collectible to the changing weather conditions (Brown, 2001). The expansion joints therefore make structures to remain intact thereby they become safe for public use. There be many types of expansion joints and each is designed to solve a specific problem though the plan or function still comes back to absorbing stress to avoid damage. Types of Expansion joints employ in bridges in Australia connect expansion joints argon joints that are designed to allow traffic to put over the bridge structure while at the same time permitting the movement of the bridge deck due to thermal effects, wind, traffic loading, seismic effects among others. The joints should provide a watertight connection for the lifetime of the bridge as the lack of it could reduce the durability of the main bridge structure that may result in the need for major remedial works. These kinds of joints are rather unique because of their relatively delicate construction and concentrated loading conditions and therefore need to be re dictated several times during the life time of the bridge (Gottermoeller, 2004). Bridge expansion joints bay window be broadly classified into two types absolved joints and closed joints. The open joints are not water proof. Water and debris are allowed to fall through the joints. The water erodes the soil down the stairs the structure, strains the bent cap and columns, is detriment al to adjacent steel girders, diaphragms, bearings and is a nuisance to any traffic low the structure. The closed joints on the other hand are water proof and have become an selection to open joints due to the many advantages that they provide (Blockley, 2010). There are three most common types of open joints used in Australia. The butt joints provide an open space between adjacent edges of the deck. They are used where the movements are of a rotational nature or where the thermal movements are small. The edges are usually protected with metallic armor which is subject to corrosion (Lima, 2006). The open space frequently fills with debris making the joint less effective. Period maintenance is mandatory to clear up the joint and the debris. The second type is the place joint which accommodate greater movements than the butt joints, usually between one and three inches. A sealer is placed in the joint that prevents some water from passing through. It also prevents the accumulatio n of debris that can make the joint ineffective. The third type of joint is the tooth joint or the finger joint (Gottermoeller, 2004). They are usually used on long bridges to accommodate large movements. They are usually placed in the span near the point of contra flexure. Drains are placed to prevent drainage across the joint if feasible. In some areas they are provided with a drainage system to collect the water passing through. These joints are used where water and debris passing through cannot damage anything below the bridge. The performance of these joints

Using Technology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using Technology - Assignment interpreteren dealing with problems involving quadrilaterals, I give create an applet showing the processes of constructing a quadrilateral on an demesne equal to a given quadrilateral. Secondly, I pull up stakes use the GeoGebra Software when introducing the concept of function. Here, I will include a GeoGebra applet to identify changing and unchanging quantities in addition to determining the relationship in the midst of two varying quantities. Third, I will use the software in investigating the coordinates of points. I will use GeoGebras point tool to locate various points, interpret the coordinates and make generalizations.One of the challenges confront users of the GeoGebra Software is complexity. Learners have difficulties using the program to achieve effective learning of mathematics. Overcoming this challenge involve teaching method students basic mathematics of the topic before teaching them how to use the software. Secondly, using GeoGeb ra Software is sometimes long because I will need to train learners on how to use it after teaching them the fundamental concepts of the topic. To subdue this problem, teachers should encourage constant practice among learners. The third challenge constitutes the possibility of developing negative attitudes towards the software by students. This challenge can be overcome by demonstrating the necessity and effective use of the software in achieving the objectives of learning mathematics.The GeoGebra software is critical in learning mathematics. The Software helps in linking the topics of calculus, algebra, and geometry to enhance understanding by learners. The challenges facing users of the software include complexity, time constraints, and negative attitudes by learners. Teachers should strive to overcome these challenges in rear to enhance the applicability of GeoGebra in teaching/learning

Mumbai Attacks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mumbai Attacks - Assignment ExampleThe main accusative of the terrorist was to damage the image of the country and hamper its economic situation. Another important aim of those terrorists was to attract the vigilance of the world towards their demands and cause by injuring and killing umteen innocent people. The approach shots happened in Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Leopold Caf, Taj Mahal Hotel, Bomb blasts in taxis, Oberoi Trident and Nariman House. inquisitive International Intelligence had influences the success of Mumbai attack. Indias police and security establishment were often co prescribe poorly. They were not highly equipped or trained. Moreover the security system of the country was influenced by the policy-making leaders and structure of India. Different legal and legislative bodies were involved to look after the security system India (Rath, 2010). Intelligence agencies, central investigative department, law enforcement, watchword bureau, India police service, C entral Reserve Force were exclusively answerable to the Prime Minister. The military were also responsible to look after foreign threats and terrorist attacks. Too many government body involvements create an ineffective security management system. State and central authorities form many joint committees and task force to handle crisis situations. But often the actions of these forces and committees become slow and confused which creates major problems in International intelligence. The federal political system of India has such policies which posses problem in execute duties of intelligence units. For ineffective functions of this departments helped in the success of Mumbai attacks. There was a high possibility facing terrorist attack through sea route. Taj Hotel is a very prominent site which can be easily targeted. The intelligence department of India provided this information to the state government but the information was ignored by most of the

Analyze and diagnose a hypothetical situation Essay

Analyze and refer a hypothetical situation - Essay ExampleHe should go to the police immediately. If thats the case, past Tom will not have to worry about retaliation or other complications at bottom the phoner hierarchy.I will desire to find out the type of porn that Tom had seen. If the pornography found is not illegal that is it is not child pornography, then there can be no legal implications or natural actions that Tom can take. The matter will remain purely based on companys policy on pornography on company data processor. This will notwithstanding similarly depend on whether the computer that held the pornography was company topographic point or the personal property of the decision maker in discussion. If it is personal property, then there is nothing Tom can do as stack have the right to their personal material and no law is against that.Tom will however need to explain what exactly he was doing with the executive directors computer and whether he had authoriza tion to handle such(prenominal) a property. If the matter will need to be pursued, Tom should be able to produce a written permission or request allow him to use or work on the computer otherwise this may lead to negative legal repercussion of being charged with violation of solitude or private property. If he does not have anything written, then he can as sanitary pursue another course of action.Most companies however do not allow pornographically materials in the work place and especially if people get engaged with it during working hours. These policies do not however apply during ones break time, on most top executives and is also not followed rigorously and especially if watched behind closed doors or does not negatively affect the image of the company. If this is the case with the company policy, then Tom has no charges to press or whistleblowing to do on the executive.Any course of action Tom takes may negatively affect him and not the executive. What he did when he went th rough the files on the executives computer may be taken as a violation of private property and this is punishable

Pfizer's unsuccessful takeover of AstraZeneca Case Study

Pfizers unsuccessful takeover of AstraZeneca - Case Study usageIn this regard, it is necessary to have a brief knowledge about AstraZeneca. The come with is a join Kingdom (UK) based pharmaceutical alliance headquartered in London. AstraZeneca is also recognised among top companies in the orbicular pharmaceutical industry. Like Pfizer, this company also have significant experience in acquisition and mergers as it has acquired and collaborated with a number of companies in recent years.The case in this paper focuses on the failed merger amid Pfizer and AstraZeneca which took place in May, 2014. It was gathered from the Guardian (2014a) that the chairman of Pfizer initially approached chairman of AstraZeneca regarding merger in November 2013 turn the detailed discussion took place in January, 2014. The exploratory meeting between some(prenominal) the companies took place in New York on January 5, 2014. It was gathered that Pfizer offered a settlement payment of 58 billion or 46 .61 per administer in its preliminary proposal to AstraZeneca. The offer also included establishment of a new safekeeping company listed and headquartered in the US. However, AstraZenecas board turned down the offer concluding that Pfizer has heavily undervalued the company and its prospects. The company also questioned transaction structure and offered inversion structure of Pfizer and ultimately the proposal ended by the mid of January 2014 (International Business Times, 2014 The Telegraph, 2014 The Guardian, 2014a 2014b).On 26 April 2014, Pfizer contacted chairman of AstraZeneca for a new discussion regarding collaboration of both the companies but AstraZeneca declined this offer. Consequently, Pfizer publicised its interest in merger with AstraZeneca on 28 April 2014. The US pharmaceutical giant star revealed that they are planning to offer AstraZeneca cash and share at an attractive premium. They further added that they would move company domicile

Questioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Questioner - Essay Example3. I am a relentless person, I do not believe in giving up. Interior decoration is my passion, albeit observed late in life. If I dont get into the program, I will look for ship canal to express and expand on my interest, probably start a dcor blog, and share and discuss ideas with early(a) people.4. My calling for interior decoration came after I had already gotten a professional MIS degree. Although I puzzle always had a very attuned aesthetic sense, it was not until I found work with a piece of furniture and interiors company, assisting with chalking up layouts and designs that I really began to enjoy my work. I enjoyed dealing with different quads and working with clients and their respective lifestyles. expand fascinate me. How a single streak of colour can change the way an entire space feels, is an amazing experience, and a very gratifying feeling. I admit, working professionally as an interior decorator will require a lot of hard work and pers istence, however, I feel that I already live, eat & breathe design. As Confucius said, Choose a job you love and you will never prolong to work a day in your

Computer Questions Final Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Computer Questions final - Assignment ExampleIn use since the late 1960s, it is a popular choice for airline tickets, mental picture developing envelopes and internal warehouse systems.Bar enrol scanners are manufactured to read the imprinted bar code where as mark sensors are designed to read mechanically or manually read items passed by their scanners. They can be fixed at any location.It makes the most sense to think of bandwidth in harm of a rive Bluetooth wireless technology uses adaptive frequency hopping as its form of the maximum likely rate of data transfer under optimal conditions access point to transfer information to iodin another, as well as receive internet signal.A polynomial code can unwrap any error burst of length less than or equal to. Usually the actual resultant binary data to be transmitted over the cable are not channel is the suppositious maximum information transfer rate of the channel.Transmission errors increase and S/N ratio decreases. As the tru e signal power decreases the receiver has greater difficulty separating it from false signal elements (i.e., noise and distortion) and thus makes more recital errors.An amplifier increases the power of whatever is present at its gossip. A repeater listens to its input, interprets its data content, and generates a new outperform signal of equivalent data content. Amplifiers are simpler but amplify noise and distortion in their input signal. Repeaters are more complex, but generate a clean output signal.12.What are the advantages of wireless transmission victimization RF waves as compared to infrared wavesWireless transmission allows the information to transfer without any cable or wire. It boost up the speed of information to be transferred. 13.Describe the relationship between Type I and Type II errorsType I () reject the null-hypothesis when the null-hypothesis is true, and Type II () fail to reject the null-h

IT Systems Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT Systems Case schooling - Assignment ExampleThe organisational discharge manager at Campus A learned the tough fashion that he could not inactively wait till electronic eternizes were conveyed to his office for long-standing access and retention. A research of the records at the campus, aided by the National Historical Publication and Records Commission grant, discovered that over 90 percentage of the data sets did not have adequate documentation, hence making archival evaluation impossible (Kahn, 2000, 332). Campus B The archives department at Campus B opted for a method to handling electronic records, which was extremely assorted from Campus As. Rather than working with groups all in all through the university dodging, the archives department opted to work with a excellent group of mainly external experts on creating an electronic-record policy (Kahn, 2000, 336). The challenge to this is that it left out vital departments of the institution meaning that the final polic y did not incorporate every departments view rough the endeavor (Kahn, 2000, 337). Also, the campus had limited resources unlike Campus A, which opted to use all the resources they could together for the endeavor. Unlimited resources translated into unlimited support for the system. strategical Responses to the Challenges Campus A In response to the campus IT report, the institution archives director begun by strengthening internet record management in his office and also by seeking the assistance of relevant and significant offices and departments all round the institution. He also started to make use of a new cypher-management scheme, which rewarded record-management endeavors all through the university system (Kahn, 2000, 334). The directors initial move to deal with this problem was to add the role of electronic-record management to the archives department. The appointment of the electronic-record administrator in the archives department was a departure from normal practice w hereby record management was housed in an administrative scheme. Campus B The archives department allocated a majority of its internal budget resources and a US$130,000 depicted object grant for creating a conceptual strategy for managing electronic records (Kahn, 2000, 335). The money was mostly used to recruit a small team and pay faculty to oversee pilot record-management plans and take a leak policy. The archives department director also hired a counseling dining table which included national specialists in the field of electronic-record management. Just two people in the institutions hierarchya university personnel director, as well as a university information resources administratorwere included on that board (Kahn, 2000, 336). This would assist the campus to come to grips with the policy and management concerns surrounding electronic records. sociable Action Theory Social action, in sociology, is an act that considers the actions and reactions of people (or agents). Max W eber considers that an Action is social if the performing person considers the behavior of others and is therefore oriented in its course. Campus A Campus As archives department is situated at the program library adjacent to the geographic center of the main campus. The department is in walking distance to several university

Do the Poor Deserve Life Support Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Do the Poor Deserve Life entertain - Essay ExampleTherefore, a uniform or universal healthcare system should be do avail subject to every person. The healthcare system send away be funded by the government particularly for the silly pile who may not be able to foot their medical bills. Morally, I am appalled, with what the infirmary did and I think they pulled the plug for the wrong person (French & Fordney, 472). Even though, we are aware that the patient had approximately no brain functionality left, it is ethically and morally wrong to do what they did. This was a cold act of edacity on the part of the hospital. Their act showed no compassion. The hospital failed to show sympathetic consciousness of the patients distress as well as with the desire to alleviate it.I think rich people should also offer assistance to the poor either through the tax system or voluntarily. We should actually spend more to help the poor access the health care right with lots of ease. In addition , what we are currently spending should be spent effectively so as the poor can be helped (French & Fordney, 472). The current healthcare system requires a massive overhaul. But since that may require conviction and resources, with the current system, the federal government should effectively guarantee that nobody will die for lack of a ventilator. They should, therefore, give the poor fully funded ventilator insurance.There are also other ways that such patients can be helped. First, the hospitals are able to provide relief to the underinsured and uninsured patients who are not able to afford hospital bills by offering them discounts. In addition, they can offer waivers or reductions of Medicare cost-sharing amounts for those who are experiencing fiscal hardships. The hospitals effort in this area is fully supported by the Office of Inspector General. Hospitals, therefore, have the certificate of indebtedness to life support to the poor (French & Fordney,

Corp.Gov Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corp.Gov - Essay utilizationCorporate institution refers to the structure which en trustworthys that the right questions argon asked and checks and balances are in place to make sure that the answers to these questions reflect what is in the best interest of the make-up for long-term sustainability of value (Minow & Monks, 2008).According to Davis (2006) corporate governance can be viewed as a system for optimizing the contributions of a number of stakeholders to a purpose they are persuaded to share. These stakeholders involve shareholders the poster of directors, customers, employees, suppliers, community and the government.Effective corporate governance has a profound effect on how well a business performs. Organizations which have found effective means of governing their businesses are well-to-do and remain prosperous. The boards inability to establish a sound governance model gives advance to the probability of failure of the enterprise (Colley et. al, 2004). The purpose o f corporate governance is to ensure the survival and success of the organization (Davis, 2006).Good corporate governance requires a complex system of strict checks and balances. The three key actors in corporate governance are the management, directors and the shareholders. (Minow & Monks, 2008)Appropriate implementation of the business concept with goals and directions set by the board, vision planning and effective execution of plans carried out by CEO and the alignment of board and management objectives with those of shareholders.The board undertakes a huge fiduciary responsibility when it assumes the obligation to represent interests of owners, who do not represent themselves. In the course of this representation they are required to demonstrate integrity as well as the competence to make sound decisions (Colley et. al, 2004).Although the essence of corporate governance has been

Scheduling and Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scheduling and calculate Management - Essay Example(Duncan, 1996, pp.4-5) Project Management involves balancing a number of competing demands on time, cost, and quality, and meeting the expectations of various s tugholders. Although several aspects of project circumspection such as PERT/CPM planning are unique to it, there are other areas that convergence with other useable areas of management such as organizational behaviour, financial forecasting, and contracting. (Duncan, 1996, p.8) In order to take care of these activities, project management needs an organization structure. The commonly employed organizational structures are functional, project, and matrix structures. Under functional structure, all similar functional activities such as finance or HR are grouped together under one common head. In a project peculiar(prenominal) structure, the project manager has different functional experts under her. Matrix structures are those in which there is threefold control. Wal-Mart , being primarily a retail giant, is unlikely to have a purely project limited management structure. This means that the project manager will have to get things done through functional heads.

The Yellow Wallpaper as a psychological story Essay

The Yellow Wallpaper as a psychological storey - Essay Examplely regarded as a classic of feminist-inspired fiction in America and the author makes a clear distinction betwixt the psychological and the sociological elements in the story. The Yellow Wallpaper is of course heavy-handedly honest psychology, so brutal that many readers in that more innocent age were outraged that anyone would write of such terrifying experiences. They feared that the story itself would drive people crazy. The literary success of The Yellow Wallpaper was indeed due to the coercive doing of the wallpaper, which so disturbs the young womans deep, but least stable, feelings that she is drawn into its lurid, obnoxious patterns. (Lemert, 13) Therefore, in a reflective analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, it becomes lucid that the short story is one of the outperform examples of a psychological story.The psychological elements in the story The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman are largely evident in the protagonist and the narrator of the story who is taken to a remote house as part of her rest cure. The author creates an effective setting for her psychological story when she places the narrator in an expansive colonial mansion, a hereditary estate which is instead alone, standing well back from the road, quite three miles from the village. It makes her think of the English places that you read about, for there are hedges and walls and gates lock and lots of discriminate little houses for the gardeners and people. (Gilman, 3-4) Through the setting of this lonely house for the recovery of the narrator from her nervous condition, the author in effect creates the background for her psychological story, and the empty, deserted or economically rented house is a standard motif in various ghost stories as well as other tales of the supernatural. Gilmans narrator expresses mistrust for her milieu which increases the characters loneliness and vulnerabil ity in the face of the

Strategic Global Business Solutions Project Report Dissertation

Strategic Global Business Solutions Project radical - Dissertation ExampleThe Market Trend...Page 9 4.1 PEST AnalysisPage 9 4.2 Ansoff ground substance..page 9 4.3 Porters Five Point Forces...Page 10 4.4 BCG Matrix.Page 12 5. The Corporate pile.Page 13 6. The Corporate Focus..Page 14 7. Feasibilities.Page 15 7.1 Define fewer goalsPage 15 7.2 Goals to be transformed to Revenue.Page 15 7.3 The Employee forethought..Page 15 7.4 Control the cost..Page 16 8. Financial Management & Controlling Page 16 9. ... If we try to understand this system, if our relentless quest to know the origin and eud readonia compel us to fathom into much more deeper into the subject itself, we will get the answer it is the expression of wisdom that churns out in those ancient gray years of civilization when the basic postulates of science practically were being masked with so many unscientific irrationalities. Some stand alone subjects hold the despotic truth at the zenith and Ayurveda is one of them. O ur basic discussion will revolve around a especial(a) brand of ayurvedic range of products which is being conceptualized and marketed successfully by the largest FMCG Company of the world- Unilever. The brand in question is AYUSH, a bouquet of purest forms of nature, to address the basic questions of regular beauty care in a gentler and natural way. 2 Situation Analysis The prelude of the situation analysis that leads to the grater understanding of the situation are to be discussed here. The aim of this dissertation is to get the resultant outcome of the planning over which the foundation of transnational business is lying upon. In this case we will discuss the product that is manufactured in 100% Export lie Unit in India and which is to be marketed in Australia. The marketing planning, coupled with the analysis of the socio economical milieu in between both the country are to be emphasized in this case. 2.1 The CountriesIndia and Australia. It is very hard to poke both this two countries except the basic two similaritiesboth this countries are inhabited by humans sapience species and they live and die for cricket. Basically India is a developing country, like China, with a sheer core group of overpopulation and poverty while the position of Australia is in the bracket of most

F-14 Plane SHip and Missile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

F-14 Plane SHip and Missile - Essay ExampleThese planes are so spacious that just one carrier has more air power than most other nations. Engineering advancements in aviation allowed the F-14 Tomcat to reach record speeds and have greater combat range, while using an radical payload of missiles, than other U.S. aircraft. Installing a Phoenix AN-54 large range missile to the Tomcats onboard radar further utilised this highly adaptable platform. There was no greater employment of nautical superiority than during the first Gulf War (1990-1991). From 1974 to the present, the combination of planes, ships, and long range missiles gave the U.S. the most powerful ocean aviation industry in the world. Although naval aviation was developed by the U.S, it has taken a long time to become an integral part of the defensive strategies of U.S. In 1910, the U.S. Navy conducted a demonstration from a cruiser, the USS Birmingham (CL-2), and launched the Curtiss 1991 Model D aircraft from the deck. Though the ship was at anchor, Eugene Ely coaxes his Curtiss biplane from the shipactually brushed the water beforehand Ely gained altitude (Reynolds 7). After this historic two minute flight, Ely would also go on to complete a carrier landing at sea two months subsequently. This was an extreme test of man and machine. The landing was make possible by ingenious arresting gear-ropes stretched between sandbags that slowed and stopped the plane (Reynolds 7). ... The Chance Vought F4U Corsair was flown after 1942 and maintained combat superiority in the Pacific Theater of Operations. This U.S. Navy fighter bomber utilized Americas naval aviation advantage over the Japanese from mid-1943 until the end of the war. Flown by two the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps, squadrons were quickly trained to operate their F4U Corsairs from a flight deck and assigned to card-playing carriers (Remolds 159). This numerical advantage was further exploited by the quality of trained pilots and thei r ability to alter their dispute plans in theater. Thus, the division of labor by the carriers and the subsequent rotation of experienced pilots proved too untold for the Japanese military. A television show, The Black Sheep Squadron, depicted this segment of the war in the Solomon Islands, which is located in the South Pacific. Gregory Pappy Boyington, a character portrayed in the show, commanded the squadron, which was nicknamed Boyingtons Bastards. Boyington received the Medal of Honor from president Roosevelt for his leadership along with an accredited 26 Japanese aircraft kills (Geranios 2). This ingenuity, skill, and experience were evident throughout WWII, which ended with the practice of the atomic bomb. During the Vietnam War conflict, the McDonald Douglas F-4 Phantom became the jet powered workhorse with its superior speed as a fighter-bomber. It was utilise by both the U.S. Navy and the newly formed U.S. Air Force. The F-4 was very successful and remained operational until the culture of the first Gulf War. This two seat fighter-bomber, with atop speed of 1,500 miles per hour, achieved numerous land speed records and provided a stable platform for new, emerging electronics.

Final LSL Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Final LSL - Assignment ExampleLack of a corridor to the Diablo Range could lead to the death and extinction of these wildlife animals (The Nature Conservancy, California Mount Hamilton).4. Ecosystem Management - How can a large-scale or landscape approach to regional planning help wildlife Planning is essential as it impart prevent the depletion of the corridors due to factors such(prenominal) as urbanization or even industrialization. Planning will ensure protection of animals from predators when they are migrating to safer areas. Lastly, planning will help regulate the amount of water force from the landscape for the purposes of agricultural practices by the people living close to the corridor thus prevent frequent migration of animals to tincture for water.All living things and non living things cannot survive without the ecosystem in place. This is what determines where we get our diet from and how the plant themselves get food from the soil. The wildlife corridors in our en vironment are very essential to animals. Their depletion will definitely cause an imbalance the ecosystem this is because privation of the corridor will definitely lead to the extinction of the rare species of animals that normally depend on the corridor when they are migrating to sustainable area. The corridor helps support animal life because when faced with lack of water, they have to migrate to look for water else if the corridor doesnt exist, that means that that population is dead. So planning on how big the corridor is should be important as factors such as urbanization and human agricultural activity are proving to reduce water in the landscape and also humans are starting to cover the corridor landscape thus causing the extinction of the animals there. As a conclusion, wildlife in essential to the environment and lack of these animals will definitely lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem, and thus preservation of the corridor will lead

The Controversy of Homosexuality Essay Example for Free

The animosity of Homosexuality EssayI. I now joint you husband and husband, when publicy mountain memorise this secernment whether in real life or in movies, it requires intimately numerous different opinions and reactions. equal sex wedding is still a polemical issue, and its questionable in many societies, in fact it is acceptable in very hardly a(prenominal) communities in the world. throng who oppose risible spousals atomic number 18 actually oppo transgressiong unhonorable sort that goes against many beliefs and different religions.Although some superpower envisage it is a persons right-hand(a) to admire and marry whoever he/she wants, festal marriages should be tabu in all parts of the world for it goes against most religions, nature, ethical motive and humanityII. God created Adam he created for him a wife, non a husband. Gods intentions were clear, and that meant that marriage and family would endlessly be in the midst of man and fair sex. some(pr enominal) religious people, whether sanctum sanctorum men or regular people who discombobulate their beliefs close, argue that braw marriage should not be allowed to happen and that it destroys the sanctity of this bond between both people.III. Gay marriages be for the most part considered to be unethical marriages that are not based on any moral cubic yard and therefore are frowned upon. Many hope that the opinion of a gay marriage is utterly offensive because it involves the bond between deuce people of the said(prenominal) sex which some might find distressful or repulsive. IV. the children of gay marriages are always being denied either a perplex or m different. People who oppose gay marriages regard that the children of such gay couples merit improve, actually, they deserve much all children deserve to moderate a mformer(a) and a bring forth.V.Some claim that same sex marriages should not be frowned upon and should eventually cause a dominion part of every day life. They intend that homosexuality is not an irregularity however is just some other form of relationships. Just like women are attracted to men and men are attracted to women, men can be attracted to men and women can also be attracted to women. It is just as normal as any other phenomenon and might even make to a greater extent sense than heterosexuality sometimes. However, how right can this point of view be? Same sex marriages are not entirely unethical, except also are against many eligions, carry the political and moral standards and are not beneficial for the future day of our societies. In addition, homosexuality is a newfound phenomenon that is bringing about uprisings in many different societies. Also, marriages have always been based on the bonds of holy matrimony between a man and a woman and nothing more.VI. The world should not change its inborn laws, its religions and its morality due to a group of people who claim it is only natural for them to be with the same sex. Abstract Media and celebrities has been increasing demand for gay marriage to be allowed like Angelina Julie and Brad Pitte.Whereas gay marriage should be banned, since it is against most religions, nature, ethics, and humanity. I now pronounce you husband and husband, when many people hear this statement whether in real life or in movies, it brings about many different opinions and reactions. Same sex marriage is still a controversial issue, and its questionable in many societies, in fact it is acceptable in very few communities in the world. People who oppose gay marriage are actually opposing unethical behavior that goes against many beliefs and different religions.Although some might hypothecate it is a persons right to love and marry whoever he/she wants, gay marriages should be prohibited in all parts of the world for it goes against religion, nature, ethics and humanity. When God created Adam, he created for him a wife, not a husband. Gods intentions were clea r, and that meant that marriage and family would always be between man and woman. Many religious people, whether holy men or regular people who hold their beliefs close, argue that gay marriage should not be allowed to happen and that it destroys the sanctity of this bond between ii people.Holy books have discussed this topic since the beginning of time by stating that God created man and woman to be fertile and to reproduce. Therefore, whoever believes in a God should oppose same sex relationships, as they are an umbrage to God. Edwards claimed in Australia the religious right has advanced a number of arguments to isolate legally sanctioned heterosexual relationships in an inviolate conceptual and loving space. And then in the year 2004 the Australian government banned same-sex marriage.Thus, the simple act of being a homosexual and having same sex relations is considered a sin because it goes against what God intended, and therefore should be punished. Not only is homosexualit y against religion, it is also unnatural. Moreover, heterosexual marriages are a natural and normal bond that agrees with nature and is considered good. However, nature depicts gay marriages as bad. Many people believe that marriage is a moral and social right that was instituted by God in nature. Nature does not include same-sex relationships in its design and no biological imperative therefore exists for sex between women or between men. (Van Grend, 2007). In addition, marriage is not just any relationship between human beings. It is root in nature and therefore is governed by natural law. These natural laws are universal and immutable and broadly speaking apply to the whole human race, equally. The National Marriage Coalition in Edwards released a statement in 2007 announcing that to them marriage was the commitment between a male and a female it is an expression of love and a beautiful sacred bond. It is not only unnatural to have homosexual relations it also negatively incite s the way children involved view the world.Furthermore, the children of gay marriages are always being denied either a father or mother. People who oppose gay marriages believe that the children of such gay couples deserve better, actually, they deserve more all children deserve to have a mother and a father. The absence of parents with different sexes can affect a childs view on the world, and their emotional stability. In many cases the presence of two gay dads can affect a little boys behavior or charter in the world since the dads cant provide what a mother can.This in itself removes the balance in the childs life. Children pursueed by or brought into gay families may not be sensible of the life outside the family in their early years, but when they do start to understand, they may have a lot to face and a lot to adjust to. They tend to grow up with certain ideas about the world, taught by their comfort parents, which may not be at all realistic or acceptable. Also, these ch ildren might eventually be bullied in school for having two dads or two moms. Being bullied is a study crisis in a childs life and might therefore impact their ducation or social states. Moreover, children who grow up with parents of the same sex might inherit their personality traits and characteristics and might therefore think that being gay is what is meant for them to be. They might think that being gay is what is socially acceptable and therefore adopt these habits. Also, children need the compassion of a mother to be able to handle the difficulties in life. Yet, a father figure is also needed to make the children strong and have the right amount of security and safeguard in order for them to grow up properly.Thus, a marriage should provide both communal and cocky figures for the children. Heterosexual and homosexual marriages differ in gender-linked effects because of socialization pressures for women to be communal and men to be assertive. There is evidence that women are more expressive than men, develop more positive models, and are better integrated into social support systems then men are. Hence there is never a solid state and balance in a homosexual household since gay men see themselves as more communal and lesbians see themselves as more argentic and assertive.Lesbians and gays are not considered to be family members but only individuals. Such an issue as same-sex marriage isnt only religious it is also political. In many countries where politics and religion are tied together, a candidate can lose voters if they admit that he or she actually supports gay marriage. People with strong religious and ethical beliefs will protect themselves and their families from anyone they believe to be a bad influence, whether its actually someone who is gay, or just someone who supports the idea of gay marriage.These peoples beliefs are not subject to change, since normally they are active members of churches, and the community, and mayhap traditionalists. In the 2012 presidential elections in the U. S, Mitt Romney announced that he was against same-sex marriage, as most Americans are. He believes that it isnt a matter of tolerance, but about the purpose of the institution of marriage. And that won him many votes, mostly from the more conservative people. As many Americans believe, he also believes that marriage is between man and woman, and the communion of domestic responsibilities falls on both sexes, which is the purpose of marriage.Gay marriages are mostly considered to be unethical marriages that are not based on any moral grounds and therefore are frowned upon. Many believe that the idea of a gay marriage is utterly outrageous because it involves the bond between two people of the same sex which some might find disturbing or repulsive. In telephone circuit to heterosexual marriages which are considered a bedrock institution, homosexual couples in specific dont actually enjoy the support of their families and therefore may n ot benefit from any stabilizing influence such support gives.They are considered to be immoral and absurd for having gone out of the ordinary and irrationally choosing the same sex henchman as a lawfully wedded man or wife. Families of such gay members might view the marriage as an end of the family name or a huge outrage to the family name. A gay persons own family might not accept the fact that he/she turned gay and might start questioning the reasons behind it bringing about many other questions. However, some might argue that every person is free to choose their own life partner because the heart wants what the heart wants.Some claim that same sex marriages should not be frowned upon and should eventually become a normal part of everyday life. They believe that homosexuality is not an abnormality, however is just another form of relationships. Just like women are attracted to men and men are attracted to women, men can be attracted to men and women can also be attracted to wom en. It is just as normal as any other phenomenon and might even make more sense than heterosexuality sometimes.People who support homosexuality state that lesbians and fays are more diverse, variable, resilient, and thriving than heterosexuals. Moreover, they sometimes make better fathers or mothers and better partners. In addition, supporters of gay rights believe that the children involved in same sex marriages are actually being saved from foster homes and given an education and a family rather than remaining among the millions of homeless or loveless parentless children.They believe that these children actually benefit more because they are being raised by such parenthood since the parents bring in new ideas and different views on life so that the children can learn never to be biased or restricted in thought and beliefs. However, how right can this point of view be? Same sex marriages are not only unethical, but also are against many religions, defy the political and moral stan dards and are not beneficial for the future of our societies. In addition, homosexuality is a new phenomenon that is bringing about uprisings in many different societies.Also, marriages have always been based on the bonds of holy matrimony between a man and a woman and nothing more. Therefore, homosexuality cant just come and change that entity. A marriage cannot simply change its definition because of whats hazard in the world. The people should adapt to the world as it is, not the other way around. The world should not change its natural laws, its religions and its morality due to a group of people who claim it is only natural for them to be with the same sex.In conclusion, there will always be a controversy between the two different points of view about same sex marriages, but the truth is life has always been a certain set of rules and regulations and should not, could not, and will not change for the purpose of homosexuality. Same sex marriages should be prohibited because the y do not belong to any religious concept, moral ground or ethical conduct. Heterosexuality has always been whats right and should remain the same way throughout all of history.

Encoding Essay Example for Free

encryption EssayIt is known that knowledge about the outer world is encoded either consciously or subconsciously. Therefore, cardinal types of cultivation encoding exist automatic and labour-intensive processing. The main difference is that automatic processing suggests that race absorb information about the world without any efforts, whereas effortful processing is absorbing information delinquent to rehearsal or repetition.For example, people automatically absorb information about time, space and frequency. In its turn, consciously people process names, phone numbers and other information they are unfamiliar with. Nevertheless, to a greater extent information is encoded automatically and information that is repeated or rehearsed is kept in mind for less time compared with information absorbed without conscious effort. Brain capacity allows people to remember things without paying proper attention to them.However, it is kind of difficult to get rid of information obtaine d both automatically or effortful. There is one to a greater extent arouse thing it is claimed that even effortful information can become with time subconscious. For example, when children learn how to read, they dedicate to repeat words and letter, but with the years of practice reading and writing becomes automatic process. Therefore, automatic and effortful processing are interrelated in a certain way.It is proved that effortful processing ensures more durable memories compared with automatic one. Due to attention and effort people can absorb more interesting facts and necessary information through rehearsal information is encoded for storage, though, for example, information absorbed just before kip is hardly remembered. So, effortful processing provides more benefits than automatic one because it allows to process information more guardedly and thoughtfully.

Four Views of Hell Essay Example for Free

Four Views of Hell driveThese four professors argue the following views of cuckoos nest real(a), figurative, purgatorial and conditional interpretations. This retain peers inside the different theories of hell, to each one of their relation to the news and the evolution throughout time. Each chapter begins with that particular scholars view, followed by the refuter by his colleagues. Brief Summary The archetypal chapter is written by, John Walvoord, and he begins by providing the foundation for the literal view of hell. The condition expends the greater part of this section of the throw describing these fundamental principles. He argues that hell is a position of perpetual punishment for those who be sinners in the Earth. He derives this view from native translations of the Bible development both the Old and New Testaments. Walvoord exactly takes the words from the Bibles predictions and the absolute inerrancy of the Bible to paint a fork out that this is the pr ovided way to view hell and eternal punishment. The chapter concludes with the author using the literal view to push the indorser to help people avoid hell and the painfulness, by preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ. The entropy chapter is written by William V.Crockett and he has taken the metaphorical view of hell, as read in the Bible and studied by scholars. His view of hell is comparable to the preceding authors view it only differs in how the punishment testament be administered to the lost. The author has strong Calvinsitic ties, in that he believes that the fortellings of the punishment of hell is non to be taken literally, merely as a metaphor. Crockett further states that the reality of hell is indescribable with words and the words that are contained in the Bible are only a breakdown that the pitying mind can absorb.The chapter concludes with the author stating his disdain for the conditional view. In the third chapter, Zachary J. Hayes takes on the yield of purg atory in the hell discussion. Purgatory in this book is a place where the dead will go, when they dont quite make it to heaven, but are not bad enough for hell. Notably the author cannot realise any Biblical references for purgatory, however he does state that the idea of purgatory evolved from a personal tradition that the Catholic Church adopted. Hayes does also note that he agrees with the metaphorical view of hell.In fourth chapter of the book is written by Dr. Clark Pinnock on the conditional view of hell. The conditional view is also referred to as annihilation, which elbow room that hell will be a punishment of fire and lead to utter destruction of sinners. The actual destruction is the punishment, not the fire itself. Pinnock, uses diverse scriptures that support his take over of everlasting death and Gods moral values. Critical interaction with the authors work The authors name and address of this book is to discontinue an enlightened as well as Biblical look at the di fferent versions of hell.Although the word is talked about more times, but the authors aim is to give people all the information available on the subject. After which the reader can make personal decision about their own personal truth. The authors do achieve his goal of factually representing the literal, metaphorical, purgatorial and conditional interpretations of hell. Each author has not imposed his personal opinion or view of hell, but however stated the facts from Biblical and theological sources.Also, having each author evaluate the some other authors arguments shows potential fallacies in each and gives the reader information to further reflect, evaluate and draw personal conclusions. The strengths of this book would be first, the book was written by students of the word who supported the majority of their arguments with scripture first and with pietism second. In the literal view of hell the author comes directly from scriptures and uses those scriptures to plainly paint a picture that we have already been taught since childhood.In the metaphorical argument of hell the author uses scriptures that show support the claim that the descriptions of hell are only be used as metaphors and not to be interpreted literally. The chapter on the conditional view of hell is well written and covers the punishment and destruction parts of hell thoroughly. The first weakness that we encounter in this book is the fact that in the literal view of hell the author does not address the issue of why the scriptures must be taken literally, instead of figuratively.In the metaphorical view of hell the author never addresses the issue of what will actually be, nor does he attempt to practise questions that seem to violate the traits of God. The author in the conditional view of hell uses much of his writing to magical spell to the human senses and not to justify those emotions or olfactory sensationings with scriptures. In the view on purgatory the author spends very min uscular to no time talking about hell, but the time that is surrounded by heaven and hell. Although purgatory is the median between heaven and hell the author seems to focus on how the soul can make it to heaven and not the latter.In my opinion I feel that this book would not be suitable for all coiffure persons to read. I feel that this book would be of best use in the hands of all persons who instruct in the church. This book would not only give them basis for what they believe in, but it would also give them the opportunity to understand the contradictions in various beliefs. I feel that this book could be a reusable tool to get word about sin. Although the authors have different views on what hell will actually be like, but it does hold one idea in agreement.Hell is a real place it, and sinners will be there. After some research there seem to be many other books that are written about hell. Those other books, after reading summaries, take a similar approach and try to infor m the reader what hell is going to be like and what it is not going to be. Many of those books not only deal with hell, but they also address heaven as well with the same direct of concern. Conclusion In conclusion the book The four views of hell, the author does achieve his goal.However I feel that the chapter on purgatory did not fit in the book, because the argument was not supported by scriptures and does not inevitable classify itself as hell. The book does make thing a little bit about heaven, but more about sin. This book points the finger back to the place where we need not only teach about heaven, but teach also about hell. Many people get lost in the mind frame that there is only heaven or life on earth.

Effects of Online Advertisements on Newspaper Advertisements Essay Example for Free

Effects of Online existenceizings on paper Advertisements EssayAdvertisements raise either take the re chief(prenominal)s of scratch de none through newfangledfangledspapers, magazines, brochures, and fliers or in non- publish form such as those tack in idiot box, radio, video, and network. The key drive of advertizements is to bring to the worry of potential drop drift off customers the existence of a new produce or service. A good ad should be able to persuade the potential customers to purchase and keep them motivated to do a certain effect (Tolani, 2010). While the function of advertising has non changed from the act of influencing the finish of a potential customer, the form of advert has radu wholey germinated with new advert media emerging. Radio advertising emerged with the coming of radios in the 1920s. The estimate of battalion who owned radios increase to ab enjoin 82% by 1940. However, television was introduced in the 1950s, and was soon a common appliance in al more(prenominal) than or slight in all ho delectationh greys. This resulted in the increase of television advert exp dis proceediture to nformer(a) $1. 5 million by 1960s. Outdoor publicizing derriere be traced hold to the post World War geological era to the American Safety Razor Company in 1925 when it advertised a brushless shaving cream on a mega billboard (Tolani, 2010).The advent of video cas machinatete recorders saying a new trend in advertizing during the period between the early 1980s and late 1990s. The video cassette recorders became in truth popular with viewers, but video advertising met a major hitch as viewers easily fast-forwarded ONLINE AND report publisher publisher advertizing 11 through advertisings art object watching tapes. This compelled firms to resort to harvest-time placement in which their products were used in television shows and films. The modish media development in this field is the use of internet f or advertising.There has generally been an increase in computer ownership and the use of internet has rapidly grown. It might non be unprovoked to shout the advert media that will be widely used in the future. However, it is an open fact that advertisings will pass over to improve and strive to become more useful to tradinges and to the consumer (Tolani, 2010). Entrepreneurs and business managers atomic act 18 faced with the challenge of fashioning a alternative for an advertising media on a daily infrastructure.This is because the success of their establishments enceintely depends on the power of the entrepreneurs and managers to create product and service aw arness, build their firms image and reputation, and generate sales leads and r even soues. These efforts can hardly be realized by the use of publisher and magazine advertisements, radio advertisements, television advertisements, outside advertising, tissue advertising, among many different advertising media. What will determine the final average choice whitethorn vary from one business to another and the discordant factors that ar in crook toward congruousing the specialised business objectives (Patsula Media, 2007).Irrespective of the medium of advertisement that a business chooses to use for its products and function, it is important to note that twain(prenominal) the scratch advertising and online advertising argon highly necessary, ruinn that the approaches toward both, the marks, and even the audiences are in truth different. It is not truly advisable to consider one of these media as more effective that the other on uncorrupted basis of seasonal variance because either may overtake the other at some give time. A good progeny of people likewise consent access to both sources and this makes it ONLINE AND news bell ringer advertisement 12 mportant for entrepreneurs and business managers to give due consideration to both (Web Windows, 2010). Thesis Statement Giv en the change magnitude growth of randomness that is open over the internet and the subsequent increase in the turn of events of people who tend to spend more time on the internet, companies are turning to advertise their goods and service online so as to glamour this newly generated merchandise. Emphasis has indeed vexed to the possible effects that this emerging trend of online advertisement may seduce on paper advertisement, both in popularity and advertisement revenue. Statement of the ProblemAdvertisement plays a very important function in the trading processes as it is the however means through which a business can bring to the attention of the consumers nigh their products, introduce a new product in the grocery store or promote the sales of an existing product or service. All these are core activitieswithout which, a business setup cannot effectively compete for customers in the al realizey-crowded market. Though there are numerous media through which a business may place its advertisements, the most commonly used medium is the publisher because of its wide indicateership and circulation.With the advent and advancement of applied science, report publisher publishers cast off embraced information technology to an extent of presenting their matters both as news cross and online renderings. This advancement means that entrepreneurs rich person the option of choosing which typifying of a paper through which to place their advertisements. This will in the main be determined by an entrepreneurs own military rank of the medium that will best suit the business needs. Lately, there ONLINE AND news shanghai ADVERTISEMENT 13 as been growing debate about the popularity of online newspaper and news sucker. This debate cannot escape the attention of entrepreneurs who significantly rely on these news media for their advertisements. There is general consensus that online variant materials of newspapers are gaining popularity among hit th e booksers worldwide. Could this increasing popularity and, to some extent, translate into increased preference by entrepreneurs to place their advertisements online instead of the newsprint version of newspapers? Background of the ProblemGiven the telephone exchange role which newspapers play in the advertisement of goods and services by businesses, it is only important that entrepreneurs give special attention and scathing evaluation on the volume of readership and scope of circulation of both the online version and newsprint version of newspapers. This would mean that new considerations are factored in when make a choice for advertisement media by business contrary to prior emphasis that focused only on readership and circulation. Ability to access n advertisement by potential customers is a major anxiety that attracts heated boardroom debates in companies, specially due to intense ambition for the crowded market. The significance of an advertisement media with regard to s cope of outreach means that both entrepreneurs and advertisement agencies gravel a responsibility to adopt the use of advertisement media capable of optimizing market outreach for a product or service. find aspects for consideration with regard to choice of advertisement media are mainly in parts of tar shoot for audience and access.These incriminate considerations of readership and circulation which would ensure that an advertisement reaches the highest number of target audience within the shortest duration possible and draws attention in the most appropriate expression. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 14 While many entrepreneurs are coming up with several measures of ensuring they significantly save on advertisement costs for their products and services, advertising agencies are of the opinion that optimizing market outreach can best be achieved by choosing a media with huge readership and wide circulation.Key areas suggested by advertisement experts include impact and su perpower to attract attention among other advertisements. When due consideration is condition(p) to these devil aspects, an advertisement media will be able to achieve market outreach by approximately 70%, which is analogous to nearly 5% of the total product market in a crowded environment. It is generally concur that upgrading of newspapers to online versions can help to significantly improve their readership and accessibility, translating to wider market outreach for online advertisements.Such advancement in technology has for commodious been credited as significant part of increasing readership, expanding circulation, and making lasting impact in advertisement. The most remarkable gain for online advertisement can be attributed to the increase in number of people owning computers and because spending a lot of time on the internet unlike the numbers of people purchasing newsprint and the time they spend variant it. Justification for the StudyEffects of online advertisement toward newsprint advertisement are a welcome point at this time when there is growing concern that newsprint advertisement is becoming less and less effective in an environment where consumers are increasingly acquiring their information online and from other non-traditional sources. This belief has also drawn a lot of objection from newspaper advertisement sales agent who insist that newsprint advertising is more effective than online advertising.To them, newsprint advertising is tangible, making it possible for a potential ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 15 customer to clip it out, hold in the hand and carry to the store unlike online advertisements, which is only visual. Though online advertisement can cost a business slightly more, it is becoming more popular with consumers and can thus not be hardly brushed off. This calls for a strategy that will ensure that this advertisement medium is embraced without jeopardizing the profits of a business. Deficiencies in the evidence The choice of an advertisement media that an entrepreneur or a business opts to use for its products or services are mainly determined by size of business and the target audience whether they are other businesses, youth, elderly, men or women. The access to an advertisement by these groups of persons is quite varied as all of them have their own preferences of media choices. The youth may be found of internet spell the elderly may be accustomed to newsprint. While online advertising may make a elephantine impact among the youth, it may not necessarily do the same with the elderly or housewives.The size of a business will also play a big role in the choice of advertising media. For example, s mid burden businesses may not have all the money to invest in certain media which are considered expensive and are thusly a preserve for big businesses. ad is an expensive venture and may not be challenge or affordable to all entrepreneurs. This means that the choice of a media may not neces sarily be determined by its effectiveness but rather by the investiture capacity of any given entrepreneur.Evidence obtained for this field of force will thus be influenced to a greater extent by item-by-item entrepreneur considerations and not necessarily by the popularity of any given media. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 16 adaptation of Terms Advertising Media refers to means by which an advertising message is carried to potential customers and includes television, radio, internet, magazines, newspaper, and signage Online Advertising refers to advertising that is done over the internet rawsprint Advertising refers to placing advertisements on a newspaper Purpose of the StudyThe purpose of get winding effects of online advertisement toward newsprint advertisement is to 1. Ensure that entrepreneurs are provided with ample information regarding the various advertisement media to enable them make informed choices 2. Ensure that myths revolving effectiveness of either news print advertisement or online advertisement are eliminated and substituted with live statistics 3. Ensure that advertisement agencies are able to adjust their media in a manner that will enable businesses reach their target audience in the most effective way and at the least cost possible 4.Ensure that recommendations are made that would help entrepreneurs make a choice on the most effective media for their advertisements. This study is significant because it would help in ensuring that useful information is made available to help entrepreneurs with their advertisement decisions, curiously those focusing on newsprint and online advertisements. It will also ensure that advancements in technology are ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 17 embraced and advertising services evolve to best meet the opportunities and challenges of the future with regard to market outreach.Hypotheses The following hypotheses were tested in this study 1. H01 Advertising plays a central role in business suc cess. HA1 Advertising does not play a central role in the success of a business. 2. H02 Most businesses advertise on newsprint media. HA2 Most businesses do not advertise on newsprint media. 3. H03 Most entrepreneurs prefer to use online advertisements for their products. HA3 Most entrepreneurs do not prefer to use online advertisement for their products. 4. H04 Newsprint advertising is more effective that online advertising.HA4 Newsprint advertising is less effective than online advertising. 5. H05 Online advertising is the future of product advertisement. HA5 Online advertising is not the future of product advertisement. Summary The shift in focus by entrepreneurs and businesses to put more attention on online advertisement instead on the traditional advertisement media is broadly seen as one of the main steps toward technological revolution of the advertising industry. This would go a long way in realizing wider market outreach and increased sales for businesses and publishers wh o embrace the internet for their publications.This, in essence, would mean increased readership for online version of newspapers, translating into bigger profit margins. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 18 This study has been designed to explore various modes of newspapers as major advertisement media which can be used by entrepreneurs and businesses to advertise their products and services. Special focus has been given to admirer Newsprint and steer Online, which are Malaysias leash English publications. Chapter two of this work is an extensive literature go over on matters relating to online and newsprint publications as closelyspring as online and newsprint advertisement.Chapter three is an outline of info collection and treatment while chapters tetrad and basketball team respectively present findings and discussions. Chapter six outlines major conclusions and recommendations. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 19 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE come off Introduction Newspapers have conventionally played a very significant role in the advertisement of goods and services. This has been mainly attributed to their wide readership and circulation since they can be easily obtained, from the nearest street vendor to the biggest shopping mall in the biggest city.The readership of newspapers also cut across all ages, sexes, and friendly classes as they normally publish articles that would be useful to all these category of persons in one way or the other,. Newspapers have for long prevail the advertisement scene due to the low costs involved as compared to other advertisement media. Newspaper comes either as newsprint or online. Newspaper publishers have lately resorted to the two kinds of publication to meet the various demands of different readers (Mutter, 2010).The introduction of online version of newspaper has seen a significant drop in the readership of the print newspaper, and this trend is projected to continue into the future. This scenario which is ni gh inevitable and probably irreversible is generating big concern on the future of printed newspaper as puff up as newsprint advertisement. The print of newspaper upholds very important for publishers since it is responsible for the biggest volume of revenue for publishers, contributing nearly 90% of the total revenue for a newspaper company.Analyst are right away to point that any attempt to rid of print newspaper would simply through publication companies out of business since the advertising revenue will almost drop to 5%, if not zero (Mutter, 2010). However, the continued survival of print newspaper will to a great extent be determined by consumer demands, good state of an economy, and the interest group of marketers to use newsprint ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 20 advertising. It is predicted that with the diminishing economic prospects declining advertising revenue, there is a high possibility of a major drop in consumer demand for print newspapers.This is based on the fact that close to half(prenominal) of print newspaper readers are aged population who are statistically likely to pass out with time. The younger population is not found of print newspapers, and this habit will probably accompany them to old age. Unless this readership habit of the younger population changes, it is quite evident that the print newspaper readership will continue to reverberate as the aged population slowly makes their exit, leaving the younger population that has already formed a habit of not recitation the print newspaper (Mutter, 2010). Evaluation of Print NewspaperPrint newspaper has conventionally been associated with a number of advantages, which have probably made it very popular. It is generally agreed that print newspapers have loyal readership, which makes it a powerful advertising alsol as compared to internet. Print newspaper is considered very effective when a particular geographic area is macrocosm targeted for example, when you want to notify people of about a forthcoming sporting event. For those who have information to convey, print newspaper is more flexible in terms of space as one is able to determine the size that would best suit his/her needs. authorized print newspapers enjoy many loyal fans, thus increasing their readership (Lad, 2009). On the other hand, print newspapers have certain disadvantages. Print newspaper generally has limited lifespan, meaning they are only available to the public for a single day after which they are withdrawn from sale. Print newspaper may not give a wide reach as compared with internet that has a global audience. Print newspapers have the limitation in terms of the ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 21 audience who may actually read it, and certain copies may actually not be available on demand at all measure (Lad, 2009).Evaluation of Online Newspaper Online newspapers tend to offer information to the reader much more pronto as compared to the print version. The online version is always available on the internet before the print version is on the streets. Online publications can normally be updated several measure in a day with the latest news and happenings. Moreover, while print version is purchased, online newspapers are accessed free of charge. This makes it possible for a reader to use a wide spectrum of newspapers possible.Online versions enable users to make use of tie-ups to divide large units of information into more easily digestible portions, and to calculate information in the newspaper is also automated. Readers of online versions are able to inscription articles on the computer, contact editors via e-mail, and use interactive games (Lad, 2009). The disadvantages attributed to online versions included the fact that they do not give exposit reports on all the subjects and tend to omit several personas found in the print version. This limits information available to the online reader.Reading from a computer does not convey the traditional e xperience of reading a newspaper, which is a key characteristic of print newspaper. During peak propagation when several users are scrambling to access news, the download times are very long. Online newspapers are characterized by so many links which are quite mistake instead of being useful, particularly the amount of search necessary and the need to constantly check the link address. One gets tired looking at the computer screen and it may take time to get used to them (Lad, 2009).ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 22 Case Study school principal Online and tip Newspaper The sentience is one of the leading English language newspapers in Malaysia. The statistics issued from the Audit Bureau of Circulation indicate that the print version of this newspaper has a daily circulation of nearly 950,000 copies while the sunlight Star records a readership of nearly 850,000. The publication is mainly owned by the Malaysian Chinese Association. The main competitors of this publication a re The Sun and the New Straits Times, which are also published in English.The Star newspaper traces its history back in 1971, when it was first published as a regional newspaper in Georgetown. By 1976, the newspaper had gained interior(a) circulation in Malaysia, and established its headquarters at the countrys capital, Kuala Lumpur. The growth in business saw the company relocate to Petaling Jaya, where it is currently based (Star Publication, 2009). The companys print newspapers, The Star Daily and The Sunday Star are published in five different translations. devil of the editions cover the northern eninsular states of Penang, Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, and Perak. Two other editions cover the larger country. The Star Daily is divided into sections consisting of the primary(prenominal) Paper, StarBiz, StarTwo, Star Metro, and classified section. The features of the Main Paper are predominantly local and international news. The StarBiz is mainly concerned with trade and reports on market trends, financial reports, and stock market updates. On the other hand, Star Two mainly feature articles on entertainment, environment, science, lifestyle, and fashion among several others.Lastly, the essence of Star Metro is varied and tends to focus more on the area of circulation (Star Publication, 2009). The continued demand by the publications readers saw the emergence of The Star Online, which is an internet version of The Star newspaper. This was in solvent to the persistent ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 23 demand for an online version of the newspaper, and it in conclusion made entry into the market in 2005. The company prides its strengths as a newspaper on the cornerstones of internet and media ventures.The Star Online and its many components are produced, managed, developed, and contributed to by the Star Division, The Star Online and Multimedia Newsdesk teams of The Stars tower Department (Star Publication, 2009). Newsprint Advertisement Advertisement can be traced to the emergence of trading activities from very early years as evidenced by archeological artifacts drawn from different parts of the world. With the invention of the printing press in 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg who was a German Goldsmith, merchants were able to duplicate advertisements for their wares.By the late nineteenth and early 20th centuries, newsprint advertising had become the primary means for companies to communicate their sales and promotions to the consumers. This was mainly through media such as newspapers, magazines, fliers, posters, and billboards (Walker, 2010). Following the invention of printing press, advertisements became a common place in workweekly newspapers and periodical journals. The items, which were mainly feature in such advertisements, included new machines, other print publications or reported the discoveries and inventions of the enlightenment era.The first newsprint to offer advertising space for sale was the french publication La P resse in 1836. This saw this newsprint being sold more cheaply, hence put down increased readership and profitability. This move inspired other newspapers and magazines across the world to follow suit in this mercantile strategy. In the contemporary newsprint, advertising designers are able to visualize highly creative commercials through digital image manipulation in order to make the biggest market impact (Walker, 2010).ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 24 Newsprints still remain key advertisement medium for any business to such a point that it is hard to imagine doing business without advertising in a newspaper or a magazine. This is particularly important for small businesses that can hardly afford other media of advertisement. Paid-circulation newspapers have for long dominated the locoweed media market for advertisement as reflected in advertisement sales volumes. Newspapers are very popular with both multinational businesses and small-scale dealers.This is probably due t o the fact that businesses come in three distinct forms videlicet local, regional, and national newspapers each targeting different audience according to its scope of circulation (Patsula Media, 2007). Advantages There are a number of advantages that print newspaper advertisements have over online advertisements. Print newspapers have very wide circulation as almost every home in the city subscribed to daily access of a printed newspaper. Where the advertisement is intend to reach audience only in a particular geographical region, print newspaper readily permits this.The printed advertisement benefits from both permanence and desired obsolescence. This means that a reader is able to refer back or even cut out a particular advert. Print newspapers have a sure frequency of publication, either on daily or weekly basis, making it possible for advertisers to target days of wider readership for their adverts (Brassil, 2010). The immediacy that print newspapers have makes it possible fo r urgent advertisements to be responded fast, thereby producing urgent results. When deadlines are short, it permits quick responses to changing market conditions.Readers are already accustomed themselves to getting advertisements on print newspapers to an extent that a good number buys print newspapers just to read advertisements. At the same time, print newspaper reading has nearly become a habit for ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 25 most people. Specific empyrean adverts can be very easily placed on the various sections of print newspaper such as sports, news, and classifieds to ensure the target is directly hit (Brassil, 2010). Print newspapers give advertisers a lot of tractability both in size and placement.This means that production changes can be easily responded to whenever the need arises. Advertisements that are placed on print newspapers can be examined at leisure since the exposure is not limited, thus readers are able to take their time going through the message. Since placement on print newspaper can be tailored to a size that suits the budget of the advertiser, it is possible even for small businesses to place their small adverts at low costs. Print newspapers offer wide options to advertisers whether place their advertisements as repeat only, copy with graphics, colored, or black and white.Finally, print newspapers features supplements which readers can easily pull out and save (Brassil, 2010). Disadvantages Advertising on print newspaper has not escaped its own set of shortcomings. Because of the large number of advertisements which are featured on the newspaper, any particular advertisement must compete for readers attention. This means that readers who only spend a few minutes reading the print newspaper may fail to capture the advertisement. At the same time, there is hardly a guarantee that everybody who reads the print newspaper will read the advertisements placed in it.This is because a print newspaper has several sections and no t all readers read every section of the newspaper. The short lifespan, normally daily, that newspapers have forces advertisers to insert multiple advertisements even for a whole week so as to reach a good number of readers. This may be expensive particularly for small businesses (Brassil, 2010). ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 26 Online Advertisement The revolution in information and communication technology has come with both opportunities and risks for the business community, particularly from the point of view of the traditionally-established media.Internet as a form of computer aided communication is equally unsure for the print media. The technical potential in advertisement that online newspaper offers surpasses that of the printed newspaper in several ways. Online newspaper is interactive multimedia for providing internal and external net whole caboodle, while offering a selection of functions, possibility for regular updates, access to archives, rapid access to large numb er of newspapers, and being paperless, thus ensuring there is no problem of waste disposal (Neuberger, Tonnemacher, Bibl Duck, 1998). AdvantagesThe economic constraints that businesses face on everyday basis often leave enterprises with very little money to spare on advertising. This is more common among the small businesses who often find themselves light in the pocket. It is therefore important to opt for an advertisement medium that give optimum output and minimal costs. Online advertisement is generally seen to be complacent in this line than the traditional newsprint advertisement. When online advertisements are on a pay-per-click basis, an entrepreneur only pays when a potential customer clicks on the advert and ends up on the entrepreneurs website.This ensures that businesses only pay for leads that end up in their website as opposed to mass messages in the print newspaper that may or may not reach the target audience. There is therefore level best return on investment for a business using online advertisement (Rogers, 2010). ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 27 Online advertisement also industrial plant very quickly given the fact that the day that one gets started is the same day that results manifest. There is essentially neither waiting period nor long startup process.Once an entrepreneur is ready to get started, he/she can very easily launch a successful advertisement promotion on a number of channels. This tends to produce quick results and the campaign can also be maintained for a thirster period of time unlike print newspapers which have daily lifespan. Online advertisement enables businesses to target their markets more expeditiously than print newspapers. This can be achieved through the use of social networks that an entrepreneur considers relevant to the campaign.Once these social networks are identified, a business can dig very deeply into their niche, enabling them to produce the maximum results with very little investment (Rogers, 2 010). Advertising online has the advantage of giving elaborate and thorough statistics that enables a business to tweak and optimize their campaigns to the maximum. This is a total deviation from newsprint advertising when one can do very little to track the success of one campaign as compared to another. Online advertising avails quite a number of information just at a mouse click.With online advertising, an entrepreneur is able to monitor the number of people who visits the business website, where they come from, what they did once they were there, and many other details. Online advertisement also allows full mark and analysis since one is able to manage how many times to show up in the search engines, thus make it possible to gain huge returns for the business (Rogers, 2010). Disadvantages One key disadvantage that is associated with online advertisement relates to advertising overload as there is incredible amount of clutter on most web pages.This arises from the fact that ONLI NE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT every advertiser tries to draw the attention of web viewers, making readers have access to too much information which they can hardly digest. Under these circumstances, the web viewers normally choose to ignore the advertisements and this will lead to low rates of return. Also, online advertisement is still a new concept for many advertisement agencies, which simply cannot tell just yet which advertising method works best (Rogers, 2010). 28 ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 29CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Introduction In question undertaking, the methodology section is one of the crucial areas to be tackled in a proposal document because it forms the basis of the results of research findings. A research can be faced with big challenges due to wrong choice of method used. To avoid this, good planning of the method is essential and in order to get received results. The issue of reliability establishes that a research should have the ability to show consistenc y in the results even after a study is repeatedly done by different researchers.Reliability in research study can also be enhanced through good structure of the methodology. When the correct data collection methods are used, proportional tastes are collected, and the correct method of analysis is used, a research can achieve validity. Since this thesis is inductive in nature, it prompted the application of a qualitative methodology. This means that the views of newspaper publishers and advertisement experts have been given a lot of weight. This was done by administering both physical and online questionnaires as well as conducting in-depth interviewseach lasting nearly 45 minutes.Those interviewed had to be newspaper publishers, advertisement agencies, and general newspaper readers in Malaysia who have been in the sector for the last five years. Moreover, at the time of the interview, they were actively intermeshed in related media and general businesses. This ensured very rich da ta was gathered from persons with a wealth of experience. selective information Collection Methods The key purpose of data collection was to ensure that a rich set of comment was obtained. To achieve this, the interviews were transcribed in real time by the interviewer.The ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 30 responses were indeed reduced and analyze by adopting principles of data codification and clustering (Miles Huberman, 1994). This was supplemented by administration of questionnaires as well as all-encompassing canvass of relevant literature. Sources The data gathered for this research is from a wide ply of documentary sources relating to newspapers as advertisement medium in general as well as those specifically relating to print newspaper and online newspaper giving special emphasis to The Star Publications.These mainly included polity documents and academic and the non-academic documents. First, journals on newspaper advertisements were searched. Second, electronic d atabases were searched using key words like newsprint advertisement, online advertisement real The Star newspaper and effects of online advertisement on newsprint advertisement. Literature review included both conceptual and empirical works, with about 15 articles reviewed for this study. Interviews The interviews dwelt on the following areas ? The considerations when choosing advertisement media ?The kinship between newspaper readership and circulation and advertisement impact ? The means of promoting advertisement on both print newspaper and online newspaper so as to enable business reap maximum benefits from these advertisement media ? What the future holds for print newspapers and online newspapers, with emphasis on The Star Daily and The Star Online. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 31 Questionnaires A questionnaire muckle of the newspaper publication sector was conducted to understand the aspects of print newspaper and online newspaper advertisements in Malaysia.The surve y was explanatory in nature as the objective was to gain insight on the effects of online advertisement on newsprint advertisement. The questionnaire was administered to nearly 100 Malaysia entrepreneurs, 100 Star Publication readers, and over 100 advertisement experts. The set sent to the entrepreneurs and advertisement experts included a cover letter, which explains the purpose and need for the study, the questionnaire document, and a prepaid retort envelope. Letters reminding the respondents of the questionnaires were later sent to those who had not responded within the three weeks duration.Case Study This thesis involves guiltless use of cutting studies to gain a deeper insight through the application of a set of ideas. A multiple case study approach helps in developing a theory which is reveal grounded, more accurate, and more generalized (Eisenhardt Graebner, 2007). Case studies are introduced to test the possible effects that advertising in online newspapers could have o n advertising on print newspapers, and the users adoption of one over the other. The use of case study is important in practical testing of theories with practitioners in real life situation.The case study organizations are selected based on the idea of speculative sampling. This is because when it comes to building a theory, theoretical sampling tends to be favorite(a) as compared to generalized concept found in statistical studies. This means that the cases are chosen for theoretical and not for statistical reasons (Schroeder, Linderman, Liedtke Choo, 2008). An analysis has been developed on how the use of online advertisement is steadily gaining popularity among entrepreneurs in Malaysia, and particularly the use of The Star Online.ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 32 Survey Analysis From the nearly 100 questionnaires that were send to entrepreneurs, 85 were returned. This represented an 85% response to the questionnaires. However, those that contained usable data were only 70, thus a fair to middling response rate can be said to have been reasonably attained. From the 100 questionnaires administered to advertisement experts, 80 were duly completed and handed over. From these about 74 contained usable data representing nearly 80% response rate which can be considered satisfactory.Ninety-five out of the 100 readers of both versions of The Star duly responded to the questionnaires and all had useful data. Chart 1 Treatment of Data In research, the data collected need to be synthesized in order to make sense with regard to what is being studied. The data from the questionnaires in this research were analyzed extensively to retrieve the information contained in them (Zikmund, 2003). The triangulation method for data analysis and interpretation was used to interpret the data collected, basing arguments on grounded theory (Dick, 2000 Knafl Breitmayer, 1991).In addition, the information obtained from the case study were analyzed individually and thereafter, a comparison was made between the different data sources. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 33 Research Limitations The main limitation that may be pointed out in this research is the use of a single case study. However, it is also true that online advertisement is still a recent concept that has not gained much popularity among entrepreneurs. At the same time, the single case approach has weight in the sense that it allows the achievement of a comprehensive analysis.Some of the information have also not been validated through multiple case analyses so as to provide a solid and practical basis for understanding the effects of online advertisement on newsprint advertisement. Rigor, Validity, Reliability, and Ethics The four categories of quality management in research were highly considered. These include validity, reliability, ethics, and abrasiveness (Zikmund, 2003). Reliability of a research is its ability to demonstrate consistency in results this was achieved through the cont rol of sample by stratifying the population to get a more representative sample.On the other hand, validity is the ability of a scale to measure what it is intended to measure but not going beyond the topic of the study. The triangulation method was used to control this aspect in the thesis. Ethics involves adherence to the norms undertakeed in crowd of information and this has been ensured by providing secrecy on the information collected from the entrepreneurs. Lastly, the rigor of the research was directed toward effective sample size in a critical facet in any investigation.The main purpose that a researcher utilizes a sample is to reduce the charges and to collect important data faster (Zikmund, 2003). ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT Human Rights Protection The people who were interviewed were assured of their confidentiality. In addition, the information gathered ensures the peoples privacy. The entrepreneurs and their businesses will have their rights protected. Research Schedule/Timeline This research took a period of eight weeks. This is considered an ideal timeframe given the busy schedule of some of the subjects who were to be interviewed and have granted appointments at later dates.A exposit summary of the work plan for the research has been tabulated below Table 1 Work Plan hebdomad 1 hebdomad 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Research proposal Preliminary literature review search Literature review and writing Interviews Case study collection Interview editing, coding and interpretation Report interpretation Report writing and presentation 34 ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 35 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS Research findings indicate that The Star Online is not yet well explored as regularly as The Star Daily print version.According to the survey, only 41% of the users of The Star Online read it daily, as opposed to the 60% who read The Daily Star daily. Chart 2 Seventy percent read The Star Online edition several times a week, while 80% rea d The Star Daily several times a week. lone(prenominal) 5% of online users say they never read a print version. Online newspapers are read less often and also for shorter periods than printed newspapers. Four out of five users (81%) spend less than an hour reading The Star Online on days when they read it. Only 35% of print readers spend such a short time on it.About one-third of the readers of both The Star Online and The Star Daily were grudging to pin themselves down to a particular time of day for reading the paper. One in four (25%) said they read The Star Daily between 5 and 9 a. m. The main time for reading The Star Online is around 6 p. m. (38%)this is the time preferred by users of the online edition, which can be read ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 36 on the evening before the printed version appears or which are updated several times in the course of the day.In The Star Online version, the classic sections of the newspaper are the most frequently used. The section Local News is also highly popular. One in three readers of the online version uses the archive frequently (32%) and only about one-third of users did not read the small ads (37%). Items with entertainment value or with feedback possibilities were not very popular. Clear differences emerged between the different kinds of versions, and this only shows that preferences are transferred from the print media to their online equivalents.Proof of this is the strong interest in Local/Regional Affairs of Internet users of local and regional newspapers or the importance disposed to up-to-date information on politics and business matters. A number of questions dealt with the comparison of the information content of The Star Online compared with The Star Daily. Compared with the print version, the online newspaper was rated 45% of the respondents as providing more expanse of information, while only 30% voted in favor of the print version on this criterion 20% rated both versions on this count.T he smaller size of The Star Online compared with The Star Daily may be the reason that the print newspaper was rated by considerably more respondents as providing greater scope of information. Chart 3 ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 37 Regarding finding information in the paper, the position is more positive for The Star Online 50% of users verbalise that they could find their way around just as well as in The Star Daily, while 20% were able to find their way around the online version better.With regard to entertainment value, 40% of users found The Star Online just as good as print version, 35% of users rated print version better and 27% favored online version. What about reader loyalty? About 65% would have chosen The Star Daily and just fewer than 30% would have preferred The Star Online, if only one of the versions had been available. The decision in favor of the print version was based on its portability, while the advantages of the online version were seen as being its acc essibility from outside the normal circulation area and the avoidance of unwanted paper.The main advantage, however, in the eyes of the respondents was that online newspapers are normally provided free of charge. It is therefore not surprising that only 35% of users would be prepared to accept a charge. Out of these, 80% stated that they would only be willing to pay for online newspapers if they were cheaper than print newspapers. Only 1% of those users willing to accept a charge could imagine paying more for online newspapers. Apparently, then, users are not willing to pay for the advantages of online newspapers. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 38 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSIONThe case study of Star Publications shows that online newspaper users base their activities and/or expectations on the print newspaper and use or design their product accordingly. The online user knows what to expect of a site as the online version retains the name of the printed version, use a kindred layout, and akin contents. Moreover, the positive image of a paper can be transferred to the internet. On the other hand, too strong orientation toward the printed original could mean that the possibilities offered by internet technology are not in full exploitedthat copy is simply lifted from the printed version.Given such trends toward the future consumption of newspapers, it is clear that online newspapers are steadily taking over the readership of print newspapers. This has the potential of influencing the choices of advertisement media, which entrepreneurs will be making regarding print newspapers or online newspapers. The concern for newspaper publishers would be about the timeframe for which their print newspaper audience would be big enough to justify such huge investment toward publication and distribution of print newspapers.Similar concern would be to entrepreneurs and businesses which still rely heavily on print newspaper for their advertisements. Are they likely to continue using print newspapers for their advertisements or the trend would most likely shift toward online newspapers? The introduction of charges for use seems hardly possibleat least not as long as the same or similar information is available on the Internet free of charge. The doubts of the advertising industry may evaporate as the Internet becomes increasingly widespread and commonly used (Mutter, 2010).ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 39 CHAPTER 6 termination AND RECOMMENDATIONS Major Conclusions It would be quite wrong and misleading to rule out the future of print newspapers as advertising media just because of the increased use of online advertising. The reality is that paid circulation newspapers like The Star and Sunday Star still remain very popular advertising media for both local and international businesses. Print newspapers are the most aged forms of mass media, and will thus continue to be dominant in this field, enter big volumes of advertising revenue.Multinationals and lo cal convenience store will continue to depend on print newspapers for their advertisements. Print newspapers are found in each and every community worldwide and readers are very fond of them (Brassil, 2010). Both online and newsprint advertisement have their characteristics which show strong and weak points. This explains why in spite of the perceived decline in readership of print newspapers, a scan through a print newspaper will reveal a number of businesses that continue to place their advertisements on daily basis.The continued posture of advertisements on newsprint clearly indicates that it still works as a very effective advertisement medium. Although printed newspaper no longer enjoys exclusive monopoly as the predominant source of news, it is clear that they still remain a strong factor in their specific sphere of influence, and online advertisement is not about to surround it out (Brassil, 2010) Recommendations 1. Entrepreneurs should highly consider using both print and online newspapers for their advertisements since both have reasonable number of loyal readers. ONLINE AND NEWSPRINT ADVERTISEMENT 2.When placing advertisements on online newspapers, designers should avoid putting a lot of emphasis on feedbacks since readers rarely give them attention. 3. Advertisements on both versions of newspapers should be critically placed on segments that are frequented by readers so as to attract their attention with ease. 4. Links placed on online newspapers should be more easy to use so that readers can easily navigate through the paper. 5. Most advertisements that target younger persons should be preferably placed on online newspapers while those targeting older people should be placed on print versions.